纳米金属腐蚀

Beneficial from small-size effect, super-high specific surface area and a large amount of defects and dangling bonds on the surface, nanoscale metals exhibit superior chemical activities than traditional bulky counterparts. Nevertheless, it is the high reaction activities of nanoscale metals that in turn make them vulnerable to be oxidized and corroded, which is a main obstacle in their applications. In liquid solutions or liquid-involving multiphase environment, corrosion on nanoscale metals is ubiquitous so that it remains a crucial issue before nanoscale metals are widely employed in real applications. Due to the low-dimension and small-size of nanoscale metals, it is a huge challenge of studying their corrosion behaviors since the experimental and theoretical methods are significantly different from those on bulky metals. In the present paper, recent studies on environmental stability and corrosion behaviors of na- noscale noble metals (Pt, Ag), transition metals (Cu, Ni, Fe), active metals (Al, Mg) and semi-conductor metal (Ge) have been reviewed. Meanwhile, analysis and expectations of theoretical and experimental innovations have also been stated for the further study the corrosion on nanoscale metals.