Atomic layer deposited (ALD) SnO₂ anodes with exceptional cycleability for Li-ion batteries

We first report the exceptional cycleability of SnO₂ anodes by atomic layer deposition (ALD) over directly on stainless steel substrates without any capacity fade for 500 cycles. Perfect choice of cycling potential (5-800mV vs. Li) and synthesis condition yielded such performance with reversible capacity of 646mAhg^-1 at current density of 5μAcm^-2. Further, SnO₂ undergoes the conversion reaction along with alloying reaction enables higher capacity than alloying reaction, however, experiencing severe capacity fade during cycling. Obtained results on SnO₂ anodes by ALD technique certainly influence the impact on the development of solid-state, thin film and 3D Li-ion batteries.