TY - JOUR
T1 - Correction to
T2 - Utilization of Aerobic Compression Composting Technology on Raw Mushroom Waste for Bioenergy Pellets Production (Processes, (2022), 10, 3, (463), 10.3390/pr10030463)
AU - Chia, Wen Yi
AU - Chew, Kit Wayne
AU - Le, Cheng Foh
AU - Chee, Chelsea Siew Chyi
AU - Ooi, Mae See Luan
AU - Show, Pau Loke
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 by the authors.
PY - 2025/3
Y1 - 2025/3
N2 - The journal is publishing this correction to update the name of the Academic Editor listed on this published paper [1]. The originally listed Academic Editor has been replaced by Dr. Giacobbe Braccio. In the original publication, the final decision was made by a Guest Editor who had not declared a conflict of interest with author of this paper. As per our Special Issue guidelines (https://www.mdpi.com/special_issues_guidelines), any submission with a conflict of interest between the author and the Guest Editor must be edited by an independent Editorial Board Member. To adhere to this policy, an additional evaluation of the editorial process and publication has been performed by an Editorial Board Member who confirmed all elements of the editorial process and concluded that the acceptance and publication of this publication with minor revisions was needed. As a result of this process, the Editorial Office, Editorial Board and the authors agreed to replace the existing Academic Editor listed on this publication with that of the Editorial Board Member who conducted this post-publication review. We made additional minor edits throughout the manuscript to improve clarity and provide further detail in key sections. The modifications made to specific sections of the publication are as follows: A correction has been made to Section 2. Materials and Methods, 2.1. Materials, Composting and PelletizationAdditional details on aerobic microbe blends have been incorporated into the first sentence of the first paragraph; the sentence was changed to “Raw mushroom (Shiitake) waste from the food industry of mushroom soup powder production was kindly provided by Mentari Alam Eko (M) Sdn Bhd, together with initial compost with a specially formulated aerobic microbes blend which includes microbe families like bacillaceae, mucor, yeast, thermophilic, fungi and mesophilic, as well as a composter (MW30).”Clarifications regarding the MW30 system specifications and features have been added throughout the first paragraph. The added sentences include “MAEKO’s technology synergizes both mechanical and biological process to optimize food waste decomposition within the MW30 in-vessel composting chamber. The mechanical process includes programs on various key parameters to ensure optimum composting process.”; “The programmed interval of auto rotating function is to ensure that the process does not enter into an anaerobic state. The programmed aeration will provide sufficient airflow during the process, using a blower system which generates an airflow rate of 130 m3 per hour.”; “for rapid composting in a controlled environment”; and “The synergistic combination of mechanical agitation, controlled aeration, and temperature, along with the biological action of the microbial consortium, ensures an accelerated and efficient composting process.”The electrical consumption of the composting process has been included in the second paragraph; the sentence added was “By shortening the composting process duration from 24 h to 6 h, the total energy consumption becomes 1.3 kWh for processing 30 kg of food waste, which translates to about 0.04 kWh/kg.” A correction has been made to Section 3. Results and DiscussionA new paragraph has been added at the end of this section, discussing the applicability of the study, the potential for industrial scalability, and concerns regarding energy consumption. A correction has been made to Section 4. ConclusionsAn additional second paragraph has been added to enhance the discussion about market potential, providing more insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with the technology. A correction has been made to Section 2. Materials and Methods, 2.1. Materials, Composting and Pelletization: Additional details on aerobic microbe blends have been incorporated into the first sentence of the first paragraph; the sentence was changed to “Raw mushroom (Shiitake) waste from the food industry of mushroom soup powder production was kindly provided by Mentari Alam Eko (M) Sdn Bhd, together with initial compost with a specially formulated aerobic microbes blend which includes microbe families like bacillaceae, mucor, yeast, thermophilic, fungi and mesophilic, as well as a composter (MW30).” Clarifications regarding the MW30 system specifications and features have been added throughout the first paragraph. The added sentences include “MAEKO’s technology synergizes both mechanical and biological process to optimize food waste decomposition within the MW30 in-vessel composting chamber. The mechanical process includes programs on various key parameters to ensure optimum composting process.”; “The programmed interval of auto rotating function is to ensure that the process does not enter into an anaerobic state. The programmed aeration will provide sufficient airflow during the process, using a blower system which generates an airflow rate of 130 m3 per hour.”; “for rapid composting in a controlled environment”; and “The synergistic combination of mechanical agitation, controlled aeration, and temperature, along with the biological action of the microbial consortium, ensures an accelerated and efficient composting process.” The electrical consumption of the composting process has been included in the second paragraph; the sentence added was “By shortening the composting process duration from 24 h to 6 h, the total energy consumption becomes 1.3 kWh for processing 30 kg of food waste, which translates to about 0.04 kWh/kg.” Additional details on aerobic microbe blends have been incorporated into the first sentence of the first paragraph; the sentence was changed to “Raw mushroom (Shiitake) waste from the food industry of mushroom soup powder production was kindly provided by Mentari Alam Eko (M) Sdn Bhd, together with initial compost with a specially formulated aerobic microbes blend which includes microbe families like bacillaceae, mucor, yeast, thermophilic, fungi and mesophilic, as well as a composter (MW30).” Clarifications regarding the MW30 system specifications and features have been added throughout the first paragraph. The added sentences include “MAEKO’s technology synergizes both mechanical and biological process to optimize food waste decomposition within the MW30 in-vessel composting chamber. The mechanical process includes programs on various key parameters to ensure optimum composting process.”; “The programmed interval of auto rotating function is to ensure that the process does not enter into an anaerobic state. The programmed aeration will provide sufficient airflow during the process, using a blower system which generates an airflow rate of 130 m3 per hour.”; “for rapid composting in a controlled environment”; and “The synergistic combination of mechanical agitation, controlled aeration, and temperature, along with the biological action of the microbial consortium, ensures an accelerated and efficient composting process.” The electrical consumption of the composting process has been included in the second paragraph; the sentence added was “By shortening the composting process duration from 24 h to 6 h, the total energy consumption becomes 1.3 kWh for processing 30 kg of food waste, which translates to about 0.04 kWh/kg.” A correction has been made to Section 3. Results and Discussion: A new paragraph has been added at the end of this section, discussing the applicability of the study, the potential for industrial scalability, and concerns regarding energy consumption. A new paragraph has been added at the end of this section, discussing the applicability of the study, the potential for industrial scalability, and concerns regarding energy consumption. A correction has been made to Section 4. Conclusions: An additional second paragraph has been added to enhance the discussion about market potential, providing more insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with the technology. An additional second paragraph has been added to enhance the discussion about market potential, providing more insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with the technology. The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.
AB - The journal is publishing this correction to update the name of the Academic Editor listed on this published paper [1]. The originally listed Academic Editor has been replaced by Dr. Giacobbe Braccio. In the original publication, the final decision was made by a Guest Editor who had not declared a conflict of interest with author of this paper. As per our Special Issue guidelines (https://www.mdpi.com/special_issues_guidelines), any submission with a conflict of interest between the author and the Guest Editor must be edited by an independent Editorial Board Member. To adhere to this policy, an additional evaluation of the editorial process and publication has been performed by an Editorial Board Member who confirmed all elements of the editorial process and concluded that the acceptance and publication of this publication with minor revisions was needed. As a result of this process, the Editorial Office, Editorial Board and the authors agreed to replace the existing Academic Editor listed on this publication with that of the Editorial Board Member who conducted this post-publication review. We made additional minor edits throughout the manuscript to improve clarity and provide further detail in key sections. The modifications made to specific sections of the publication are as follows: A correction has been made to Section 2. Materials and Methods, 2.1. Materials, Composting and PelletizationAdditional details on aerobic microbe blends have been incorporated into the first sentence of the first paragraph; the sentence was changed to “Raw mushroom (Shiitake) waste from the food industry of mushroom soup powder production was kindly provided by Mentari Alam Eko (M) Sdn Bhd, together with initial compost with a specially formulated aerobic microbes blend which includes microbe families like bacillaceae, mucor, yeast, thermophilic, fungi and mesophilic, as well as a composter (MW30).”Clarifications regarding the MW30 system specifications and features have been added throughout the first paragraph. The added sentences include “MAEKO’s technology synergizes both mechanical and biological process to optimize food waste decomposition within the MW30 in-vessel composting chamber. The mechanical process includes programs on various key parameters to ensure optimum composting process.”; “The programmed interval of auto rotating function is to ensure that the process does not enter into an anaerobic state. The programmed aeration will provide sufficient airflow during the process, using a blower system which generates an airflow rate of 130 m3 per hour.”; “for rapid composting in a controlled environment”; and “The synergistic combination of mechanical agitation, controlled aeration, and temperature, along with the biological action of the microbial consortium, ensures an accelerated and efficient composting process.”The electrical consumption of the composting process has been included in the second paragraph; the sentence added was “By shortening the composting process duration from 24 h to 6 h, the total energy consumption becomes 1.3 kWh for processing 30 kg of food waste, which translates to about 0.04 kWh/kg.” A correction has been made to Section 3. Results and DiscussionA new paragraph has been added at the end of this section, discussing the applicability of the study, the potential for industrial scalability, and concerns regarding energy consumption. A correction has been made to Section 4. ConclusionsAn additional second paragraph has been added to enhance the discussion about market potential, providing more insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with the technology. A correction has been made to Section 2. Materials and Methods, 2.1. Materials, Composting and Pelletization: Additional details on aerobic microbe blends have been incorporated into the first sentence of the first paragraph; the sentence was changed to “Raw mushroom (Shiitake) waste from the food industry of mushroom soup powder production was kindly provided by Mentari Alam Eko (M) Sdn Bhd, together with initial compost with a specially formulated aerobic microbes blend which includes microbe families like bacillaceae, mucor, yeast, thermophilic, fungi and mesophilic, as well as a composter (MW30).” Clarifications regarding the MW30 system specifications and features have been added throughout the first paragraph. The added sentences include “MAEKO’s technology synergizes both mechanical and biological process to optimize food waste decomposition within the MW30 in-vessel composting chamber. The mechanical process includes programs on various key parameters to ensure optimum composting process.”; “The programmed interval of auto rotating function is to ensure that the process does not enter into an anaerobic state. The programmed aeration will provide sufficient airflow during the process, using a blower system which generates an airflow rate of 130 m3 per hour.”; “for rapid composting in a controlled environment”; and “The synergistic combination of mechanical agitation, controlled aeration, and temperature, along with the biological action of the microbial consortium, ensures an accelerated and efficient composting process.” The electrical consumption of the composting process has been included in the second paragraph; the sentence added was “By shortening the composting process duration from 24 h to 6 h, the total energy consumption becomes 1.3 kWh for processing 30 kg of food waste, which translates to about 0.04 kWh/kg.” Additional details on aerobic microbe blends have been incorporated into the first sentence of the first paragraph; the sentence was changed to “Raw mushroom (Shiitake) waste from the food industry of mushroom soup powder production was kindly provided by Mentari Alam Eko (M) Sdn Bhd, together with initial compost with a specially formulated aerobic microbes blend which includes microbe families like bacillaceae, mucor, yeast, thermophilic, fungi and mesophilic, as well as a composter (MW30).” Clarifications regarding the MW30 system specifications and features have been added throughout the first paragraph. The added sentences include “MAEKO’s technology synergizes both mechanical and biological process to optimize food waste decomposition within the MW30 in-vessel composting chamber. The mechanical process includes programs on various key parameters to ensure optimum composting process.”; “The programmed interval of auto rotating function is to ensure that the process does not enter into an anaerobic state. The programmed aeration will provide sufficient airflow during the process, using a blower system which generates an airflow rate of 130 m3 per hour.”; “for rapid composting in a controlled environment”; and “The synergistic combination of mechanical agitation, controlled aeration, and temperature, along with the biological action of the microbial consortium, ensures an accelerated and efficient composting process.” The electrical consumption of the composting process has been included in the second paragraph; the sentence added was “By shortening the composting process duration from 24 h to 6 h, the total energy consumption becomes 1.3 kWh for processing 30 kg of food waste, which translates to about 0.04 kWh/kg.” A correction has been made to Section 3. Results and Discussion: A new paragraph has been added at the end of this section, discussing the applicability of the study, the potential for industrial scalability, and concerns regarding energy consumption. A new paragraph has been added at the end of this section, discussing the applicability of the study, the potential for industrial scalability, and concerns regarding energy consumption. A correction has been made to Section 4. Conclusions: An additional second paragraph has been added to enhance the discussion about market potential, providing more insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with the technology. An additional second paragraph has been added to enhance the discussion about market potential, providing more insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with the technology. The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.
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U2 - 10.3390/pr13030854
DO - 10.3390/pr13030854
M3 - Comment/debate
AN - SCOPUS:105002482537
SN - 2227-9717
VL - 13
JO - Processes
JF - Processes
IS - 3
M1 - 854
ER -