Enhancing implant performance: 20% reduction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial initial formation with Cu_0.75Ti_0.25O₂ coating

Bacteria are commonly found in various environmental sources, such as soil and water. Among the different bacterial species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is particularly known for causing infections in humans and can easily colonize surfaces. To address this issue, one approach is to modify the surface with antibacterial coatings. Thus, here, we investigate the effectiveness of Cu-Ti oxide coatings by fabricating Cu_1−xTi_xO₂ (0.25 < x < 0.75) thin films on glass substrates using the pulsed laser deposition technique. Microstructural analysis revealed that the films were amorphous and exhibited a smooth surface. In addition, the contact angle measurements demonstrated high hydrophilicity, as indicated by values below 90°. Subsequently, we examined the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria on both Cu_1−xTi_xO₂ coated and uncoated glass surfaces. The results revealed a 20% reduction in bacterial growth on Cu_0.75Ti_0.25O₂-coated samples, as determined by calculating the biomass of the biofilm. These findings were further discussed in relation to the copper content present on the surface of the coating. Ultimately, the results contribute to our understanding of bacterial development on various surfaces. Consequently, this research may have practical implications for enhancing the antibacterial properties, preventing bacterial infections associated with different materials and surfaces, and improving implant performance.