From waste to functional additive: Toughening epoxy resin with lignin

Wanshuang Liu; Rui Zhou; Hwee Li Sally Goh; Shu Huang; Xuehong Lu

doi:10.1021/am500642n

From waste to functional additive: Toughening epoxy resin with lignin

Wanshuang Liu, Rui Zhou, Hwee Li Sally Goh, Shu Huang, Xuehong Lu^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Nanyang Technological University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

194 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

A novel approach to toughen epoxy resin with lignin, a common waste material from the pulp and paper industry, is presented in this article. First, carboxylic acid-functionalized alkali lignin (AL-COOH) was prepared and subsequently incorporated into anhydride-cured epoxy networks via a one-pot method. The results of mechanical tests show that covalent incorporation of rigid AL-COOH into epoxy networks can significantly toughen the epoxy matrix without deteriorating its tensile strength and modulus. The addition of 1.0 wt % AL-COOH gives increases of 68 and 164% in the critical stress intensity factor (K_IC) and critical strain energy release rate (G_IC), respectively, relative to that of neat epoxy. This article opens up the possibility of utilizing low-cost and renewable lignin feedstocks as effective toughening agents for thermoset polymers.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	5810-5817
Number of pages	8
Journal	ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Volume	6
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/am500642n
Publication status	Published - Apr 23 2014
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

General Materials Science

Keywords

epoxy resin
lignin
polymer additive
toughening

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1021/am500642n

Cite this

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title = "From waste to functional additive: Toughening epoxy resin with lignin",

abstract = "A novel approach to toughen epoxy resin with lignin, a common waste material from the pulp and paper industry, is presented in this article. First, carboxylic acid-functionalized alkali lignin (AL-COOH) was prepared and subsequently incorporated into anhydride-cured epoxy networks via a one-pot method. The results of mechanical tests show that covalent incorporation of rigid AL-COOH into epoxy networks can significantly toughen the epoxy matrix without deteriorating its tensile strength and modulus. The addition of 1.0 wt \% AL-COOH gives increases of 68 and 164\% in the critical stress intensity factor (KIC) and critical strain energy release rate (GIC), respectively, relative to that of neat epoxy. This article opens up the possibility of utilizing low-cost and renewable lignin feedstocks as effective toughening agents for thermoset polymers.",

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author = "Wanshuang Liu and Rui Zhou and Goh, \{Hwee Li Sally\} and Shu Huang and Xuehong Lu",

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doi = "10.1021/am500642n",

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T2 - Toughening epoxy resin with lignin

AU - Liu, Wanshuang

AU - Zhou, Rui

AU - Goh, Hwee Li Sally

AU - Huang, Shu

AU - Lu, Xuehong

PY - 2014/4/23

Y1 - 2014/4/23

N2 - A novel approach to toughen epoxy resin with lignin, a common waste material from the pulp and paper industry, is presented in this article. First, carboxylic acid-functionalized alkali lignin (AL-COOH) was prepared and subsequently incorporated into anhydride-cured epoxy networks via a one-pot method. The results of mechanical tests show that covalent incorporation of rigid AL-COOH into epoxy networks can significantly toughen the epoxy matrix without deteriorating its tensile strength and modulus. The addition of 1.0 wt % AL-COOH gives increases of 68 and 164% in the critical stress intensity factor (KIC) and critical strain energy release rate (GIC), respectively, relative to that of neat epoxy. This article opens up the possibility of utilizing low-cost and renewable lignin feedstocks as effective toughening agents for thermoset polymers.

AB - A novel approach to toughen epoxy resin with lignin, a common waste material from the pulp and paper industry, is presented in this article. First, carboxylic acid-functionalized alkali lignin (AL-COOH) was prepared and subsequently incorporated into anhydride-cured epoxy networks via a one-pot method. The results of mechanical tests show that covalent incorporation of rigid AL-COOH into epoxy networks can significantly toughen the epoxy matrix without deteriorating its tensile strength and modulus. The addition of 1.0 wt % AL-COOH gives increases of 68 and 164% in the critical stress intensity factor (KIC) and critical strain energy release rate (GIC), respectively, relative to that of neat epoxy. This article opens up the possibility of utilizing low-cost and renewable lignin feedstocks as effective toughening agents for thermoset polymers.

KW - epoxy resin

KW - lignin

KW - polymer additive

KW - toughening

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From waste to functional additive: Toughening epoxy resin with lignin

Abstract

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Keywords

UN SDGs

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