TY - JOUR
T1 - In Situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Metal/Nitrogen-doped Carbons in Oxygen Electrocatalysis
AU - Wu, Bin
AU - Sun, Tianxiao
AU - You, Ya
AU - Meng, Haibing
AU - Morales, Dulce M.
AU - Lounasvuori, Mailis
AU - Beheshti Askari, Abbas
AU - Jiang, Li
AU - Zeng, Feng
AU - Hu, Baoshan
AU - Zhang, Xiangzhi
AU - Tai, Renzhong
AU - Xu, Zhichuan J.
AU - Petit, Tristan
AU - Mai, Liqiang
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2023/7/3
Y1 - 2023/7/3
N2 - Metal/nitrogen-doped carbons (M−N−C) are promising candidates as oxygen electrocatalysts due to their low cost, tunable catalytic activity and selectivity, and well-dispersed morphologies. To improve the electrocatalytic performance of such systems, it is critical to gain a detailed understanding of their structure and properties through advanced characterization. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) serves as a powerful tool to probe both the active sites and structural evolution of catalytic materials under reaction conditions. In this review, we firstly provide an overview of the fundamental concepts of XAS and then comprehensively review the setup and application of in situ XAS, introducing electrochemical XAS cells, experimental methods, as well as primary functions on catalytic applications. The active sites and the structural evolution of M−N−C catalysts caused by the interplay with electric fields, electrolytes and reactants/intermediates during the oxygen evolution reaction and the oxygen reduction reaction are subsequently discussed in detail. Finally, major challenges and future opportunities in this exciting field are highlighted.
AB - Metal/nitrogen-doped carbons (M−N−C) are promising candidates as oxygen electrocatalysts due to their low cost, tunable catalytic activity and selectivity, and well-dispersed morphologies. To improve the electrocatalytic performance of such systems, it is critical to gain a detailed understanding of their structure and properties through advanced characterization. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) serves as a powerful tool to probe both the active sites and structural evolution of catalytic materials under reaction conditions. In this review, we firstly provide an overview of the fundamental concepts of XAS and then comprehensively review the setup and application of in situ XAS, introducing electrochemical XAS cells, experimental methods, as well as primary functions on catalytic applications. The active sites and the structural evolution of M−N−C catalysts caused by the interplay with electric fields, electrolytes and reactants/intermediates during the oxygen evolution reaction and the oxygen reduction reaction are subsequently discussed in detail. Finally, major challenges and future opportunities in this exciting field are highlighted.
KW - Active Sites
KW - In Situ XAS
KW - M−N−C Catalysts
KW - Oxygen Electrocatalysis
KW - Structural Evolution
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U2 - 10.1002/anie.202219188
DO - 10.1002/anie.202219188
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36799125
AN - SCOPUS:85152951173
SN - 1433-7851
VL - 62
JO - Angewandte Chemie - International Edition
JF - Angewandte Chemie - International Edition
IS - 27
M1 - e202219188
ER -