Liquefaction of sands under undrained and non-undrained conditions

In the first part of the paper, liquefaction of granular soils under the undrained condition is studied. It is emphasized that the flow strength of liquefied soil may be influenced by the initial effective confining stress. Hence, the steady state line may not be unique for some soils, but depending on both the void ratio and the initial effective stress. To consider such influences, a new procedure for the interpretation of undrained test data for soil liquefaction is proposed. In the second part, a kind of liquefaction which occurs under non-undrained conditions is investigated. The experimental results show that under non-undrained conditions, liquefaction is also possible for dense granular soil. The implication of this kind of liquefaction is discussed. -Author