Nanomaterials in aquaculture disinfection, water quality monitoring and wastewater remediation

Nanotechnology holds immense promise for transforming the aquaculture sector by offering significant advancements in disinfection, water quality monitoring, and wastewater treatment. As the global demand for seafood continues to escalate, traditional fishing methods alone are unable to meet this rising need, necessitating the sustainable and regulated expansion of aquaculture practices. However, the industry faces multifaceted challenges, including supply demands for seeds, feed, and fertilizers, frequent disease outbreaks impacting production, competition for resources like land and water, and the imperative to ensure the quality of fish produced. Moreover, aquaculture activities contribute to declining water quality, further exacerbated by other pollutants from agricultural and industrial sources. In this context, our review explores pioneering research utilizing nanotechnology to address these pressing challenges. The major points covered are as follows: 1) The innovative and recent use of nanoparticles for efficient disinfection and water quality regulation; 2) The deployment of advanced nanosensors for precise monitoring of water conditions and combating microbial threats; 3) The strategic application of nanomaterials for wastewater remediation to prevent environmental pollution; 4) The exploration of cutting-edge nanotechnology solutions for comprehensive aquaculture management; 5) The discussion of potential challenges to overcome barriers to the commercialization of nanotechnology in the aquaculture industry. This review serves as a vital contribution by offering a thorough examination of the diverse applications of nanomaterials throughout all facets of aquaculture operations, providing a cohesive viewpoint for both researchers and industry professionals aiming to capitalize on the extensive benefits of nanotechnology in bolstering sustainability and productivity within aquaculture systems.