Potential upscaling of multiphase systems

Biological molecule separation and purification remains an obstacle in the bioseparation field. The need for cost efficient process and manufacturing is crucial in minimizing the cost of final product, while maintaining the biological activity and molecular stability. Biological molecules are labile, hence great care must be taken during the separation step. For a homogenous liquid phase separation, various technologies such as chromatography, membrane, aqueous two-phase system, and precipitation are employed. A brief introduction on the working principle of each method is provided. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the technology are highlighted. Furthermore, some of the drawbacks of each technologies are addressed to increase the efficiency of separations. The factors that affect the separation of desired molecules are also emphasized. As maintaining the conditions such as pressure, temperature, hydrodynamics of the feed are crucial in achieving the desired separation. The scale-up methods are also discussed in this chapter. Furthermore, the development and advancement of the separation techniques were also deliberated. Along with the recent progress, many promising achievements are attained. Thus, the incorporation with the current method ensures greater recovery yield and productivity. For instance, the integration of technologies for chromatography and aqueous two-phase system. Besides, the altering of physical and chemical properties of stationary phase in chromatography and membrane also increases separation efficiency. The conversion of batch manufacturing to continuous provides various benefits and thus its development is highly coveted. The challenges faced during manufacturing such as drawbacks of the technology, the factors affecting separation and partitioning of molecules, the scalability, development, and advancement of the technology will be discussed. This ensures the practicality, feasibility, and robustness of the separation techniques.