Proton beam writing of erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers

T. C. Sum; A. A. Bettiol; K. Liu; M. Q. Ren; E. Y.B. Pun; S. Venugopal Rao; J. A. Van Kan; F. Watt

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2005.01.089

Proton beam writing of erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers

T. C. Sum^*, A. A. Bettiol, K. Liu, M. Q. Ren, E. Y.B. Pun, S. Venugopal Rao, J. A. Van Kan, F. Watt

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

14 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Buried channel waveguide amplifiers in Er³⁺-Yb³⁺ co-doped phosphate glasses were fabricated by proton beam writing using a focused sub-micron beam of 2.0 MeV protons with a fluence ranging from 0.5-6.0 × 10¹⁵ particles/cm². The waveguides were located at a depth of ∼38 μm beneath the surface. Above a threshold fluence of 3.0 × 10¹⁵ particles/cm², a negative refractive index change occurs, preventing any light confinement in the channel. A peak net gain of ∼1.57 dB/cm was measured for waveguides fabricated with a fluence of ∼0.9 × 10¹⁵ particles/cm². These measurements were performed at 1.534 μm signal wavelength, with 100 mW pump power at 975 nm wavelength.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	394-399
Number of pages	6
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Volume	231
Issue number	1-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2005.01.089
Publication status	Published - Apr 2005
Externally published	Yes
Event	Nuclear Microprobe Technology and Applications Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Nuclear Microprobe Technology and ICNMTA 2004 - Duration: Sept 13 2004 → Sept 17 2004

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Instrumentation

Keywords

Buried channel waveguides
Erbium
IOG-1
Phosphate glass
Proton beam writing
Waveguide amplifier
Ytterbium

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10.1016/j.nimb.2005.01.089

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title = "Proton beam writing of erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers",

abstract = "Buried channel waveguide amplifiers in Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glasses were fabricated by proton beam writing using a focused sub-micron beam of 2.0 MeV protons with a fluence ranging from 0.5-6.0 × 1015 particles/cm2. The waveguides were located at a depth of ∼38 μm beneath the surface. Above a threshold fluence of 3.0 × 1015 particles/cm2, a negative refractive index change occurs, preventing any light confinement in the channel. A peak net gain of ∼1.57 dB/cm was measured for waveguides fabricated with a fluence of ∼0.9 × 1015 particles/cm2. These measurements were performed at 1.534 μm signal wavelength, with 100 mW pump power at 975 nm wavelength.",

keywords = "Buried channel waveguides, Erbium, IOG-1, Phosphate glass, Proton beam writing, Waveguide amplifier, Ytterbium",

author = "Sum, {T. C.} and Bettiol, {A. A.} and K. Liu and Ren, {M. Q.} and Pun, {E. Y.B.} and {Venugopal Rao}, S. and {Van Kan}, {J. A.} and F. Watt",

year = "2005",

month = apr,

doi = "10.1016/j.nimb.2005.01.089",

language = "English",

volume = "231",

pages = "394--399",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms",

issn = "0168-583X",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "1-4",

note = "Nuclear Microprobe Technology and Applications Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Nuclear Microprobe Technology and ICNMTA 2004 ; Conference date: 13-09-2004 Through 17-09-2004",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Proton beam writing of erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers

AU - Sum, T. C.

AU - Bettiol, A. A.

AU - Liu, K.

AU - Ren, M. Q.

AU - Pun, E. Y.B.

AU - Venugopal Rao, S.

AU - Van Kan, J. A.

AU - Watt, F.

PY - 2005/4

Y1 - 2005/4

N2 - Buried channel waveguide amplifiers in Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glasses were fabricated by proton beam writing using a focused sub-micron beam of 2.0 MeV protons with a fluence ranging from 0.5-6.0 × 1015 particles/cm2. The waveguides were located at a depth of ∼38 μm beneath the surface. Above a threshold fluence of 3.0 × 1015 particles/cm2, a negative refractive index change occurs, preventing any light confinement in the channel. A peak net gain of ∼1.57 dB/cm was measured for waveguides fabricated with a fluence of ∼0.9 × 1015 particles/cm2. These measurements were performed at 1.534 μm signal wavelength, with 100 mW pump power at 975 nm wavelength.

AB - Buried channel waveguide amplifiers in Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glasses were fabricated by proton beam writing using a focused sub-micron beam of 2.0 MeV protons with a fluence ranging from 0.5-6.0 × 1015 particles/cm2. The waveguides were located at a depth of ∼38 μm beneath the surface. Above a threshold fluence of 3.0 × 1015 particles/cm2, a negative refractive index change occurs, preventing any light confinement in the channel. A peak net gain of ∼1.57 dB/cm was measured for waveguides fabricated with a fluence of ∼0.9 × 1015 particles/cm2. These measurements were performed at 1.534 μm signal wavelength, with 100 mW pump power at 975 nm wavelength.

KW - Buried channel waveguides

KW - Erbium

KW - IOG-1

KW - Phosphate glass

KW - Proton beam writing

KW - Waveguide amplifier

KW - Ytterbium

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U2 - 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.01.089

DO - 10.1016/j.nimb.2005.01.089

M3 - Conference article

AN - SCOPUS:23944433559

SN - 0168-583X

VL - 231

SP - 394

EP - 399

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms

IS - 1-4

T2 - Nuclear Microprobe Technology and Applications Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Nuclear Microprobe Technology and ICNMTA 2004

Y2 - 13 September 2004 through 17 September 2004

ER -

Proton beam writing of erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers

Abstract

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Keywords

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