The Power of Warning: Unpacking the Impact of Fact-Checking Flag on News Sharing and Verification

Jiayu Han; Alton Yeow Kuan Chua

doi:10.1007/978-981-96-0865-2_24

The Power of Warning: Unpacking the Impact of Fact-Checking Flag on News Sharing and Verification

Jiayu Han^*, Alton Yeow Kuan Chua

^*Corresponding author for this work

Nanyang Technological University

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

Grounded in information gap theory (IGT), the objective of this paper is to develop and empirically validate a conceptual model comprising perceived believability, information curiosity, fact-checking flag, intention to share and intention to verify. The proposed model is tested through a between-participants experiment using a simulated scenario where users browse Facebook news posts. A total of 177 participants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: one where a fact-check flag was present in a Facebook news post, and the other where the fact-check flag was absent. Four hypotheses were tested using one-way ANOVA and PROCESS MODEL 4. Results show that the presence of fact-checking flag has both a direct negative impact on the intention to share and an indirect effect through perceived believability. However, it influences the intention to verify only indirectly by increasing information curiosity. This study enriches the literature by not only shedding light on the underlying process by which fact-checking flag affects users’ behavioral intentions but also extending the boundary conditions of IGT.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Sustainability and Empowerment in the Context of Digital Libraries - 26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024, Proceedings
Editors	Gillian Oliver, Viviane Frings-Hessami, Jia Tina Du, Taro Tezuka
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Pages	291-304
Number of pages	14
ISBN (Print)	9789819608645
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0865-2_24
Publication status	Published - 2025
Externally published	Yes
Event	26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024 - Bandar Sunway, Malaysia Duration: Dec 4 2024 → Dec 6 2024

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
Volume	15493 LNCS
ISSN (Print)	0302-9743
ISSN (Electronic)	1611-3349

Conference

Conference	26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024
Country/Territory	Malaysia
City	Bandar Sunway
Period	12/4/24 → 12/6/24

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Theoretical Computer Science
General Computer Science

Keywords

Fact-Checking
Fake News
News Sharing
Verification

Access to Document

10.1007/978-981-96-0865-2_24

Cite this

Han, J., & Chua, A. Y. K. (2025). The Power of Warning: Unpacking the Impact of Fact-Checking Flag on News Sharing and Verification. In G. Oliver, V. Frings-Hessami, J. T. Du, & T. Tezuka (Eds.), Sustainability and Empowerment in the Context of Digital Libraries - 26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024, Proceedings (pp. 291-304). (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 15493 LNCS). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0865-2_24

Han, Jiayu ; Chua, Alton Yeow Kuan. / The Power of Warning : Unpacking the Impact of Fact-Checking Flag on News Sharing and Verification. Sustainability and Empowerment in the Context of Digital Libraries - 26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024, Proceedings. editor / Gillian Oliver ; Viviane Frings-Hessami ; Jia Tina Du ; Taro Tezuka. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025. pp. 291-304 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)).

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abstract = "Grounded in information gap theory (IGT), the objective of this paper is to develop and empirically validate a conceptual model comprising perceived believability, information curiosity, fact-checking flag, intention to share and intention to verify. The proposed model is tested through a between-participants experiment using a simulated scenario where users browse Facebook news posts. A total of 177 participants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: one where a fact-check flag was present in a Facebook news post, and the other where the fact-check flag was absent. Four hypotheses were tested using one-way ANOVA and PROCESS MODEL 4. Results show that the presence of fact-checking flag has both a direct negative impact on the intention to share and an indirect effect through perceived believability. However, it influences the intention to verify only indirectly by increasing information curiosity. This study enriches the literature by not only shedding light on the underlying process by which fact-checking flag affects users{\textquoteright} behavioral intentions but also extending the boundary conditions of IGT.",

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author = "Jiayu Han and Chua, {Alton Yeow Kuan}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.; 26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024 ; Conference date: 04-12-2024 Through 06-12-2024",

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Han, J & Chua, AYK 2025, The Power of Warning: Unpacking the Impact of Fact-Checking Flag on News Sharing and Verification. in G Oliver, V Frings-Hessami, JT Du & T Tezuka (eds), Sustainability and Empowerment in the Context of Digital Libraries - 26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), vol. 15493 LNCS, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, pp. 291-304, 26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia, 12/4/24. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0865-2_24

The Power of Warning: Unpacking the Impact of Fact-Checking Flag on News Sharing and Verification. / Han, Jiayu; Chua, Alton Yeow Kuan.
Sustainability and Empowerment in the Context of Digital Libraries - 26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024, Proceedings. ed. / Gillian Oliver; Viviane Frings-Hessami; Jia Tina Du; Taro Tezuka. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025. p. 291-304 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 15493 LNCS).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

TY - GEN

T1 - The Power of Warning

T2 - 26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024

AU - Han, Jiayu

AU - Chua, Alton Yeow Kuan

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Grounded in information gap theory (IGT), the objective of this paper is to develop and empirically validate a conceptual model comprising perceived believability, information curiosity, fact-checking flag, intention to share and intention to verify. The proposed model is tested through a between-participants experiment using a simulated scenario where users browse Facebook news posts. A total of 177 participants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: one where a fact-check flag was present in a Facebook news post, and the other where the fact-check flag was absent. Four hypotheses were tested using one-way ANOVA and PROCESS MODEL 4. Results show that the presence of fact-checking flag has both a direct negative impact on the intention to share and an indirect effect through perceived believability. However, it influences the intention to verify only indirectly by increasing information curiosity. This study enriches the literature by not only shedding light on the underlying process by which fact-checking flag affects users’ behavioral intentions but also extending the boundary conditions of IGT.

AB - Grounded in information gap theory (IGT), the objective of this paper is to develop and empirically validate a conceptual model comprising perceived believability, information curiosity, fact-checking flag, intention to share and intention to verify. The proposed model is tested through a between-participants experiment using a simulated scenario where users browse Facebook news posts. A total of 177 participants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: one where a fact-check flag was present in a Facebook news post, and the other where the fact-check flag was absent. Four hypotheses were tested using one-way ANOVA and PROCESS MODEL 4. Results show that the presence of fact-checking flag has both a direct negative impact on the intention to share and an indirect effect through perceived believability. However, it influences the intention to verify only indirectly by increasing information curiosity. This study enriches the literature by not only shedding light on the underlying process by which fact-checking flag affects users’ behavioral intentions but also extending the boundary conditions of IGT.

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T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)

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BT - Sustainability and Empowerment in the Context of Digital Libraries - 26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024, Proceedings

A2 - Oliver, Gillian

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PB - Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH

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ER -

Han J, Chua AYK. The Power of Warning: Unpacking the Impact of Fact-Checking Flag on News Sharing and Verification. In Oliver G, Frings-Hessami V, Du JT, Tezuka T, editors, Sustainability and Empowerment in the Context of Digital Libraries - 26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024, Proceedings. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. 2025. p. 291-304. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)). doi: 10.1007/978-981-96-0865-2_24

The Power of Warning: Unpacking the Impact of Fact-Checking Flag on News Sharing and Verification

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Keywords

Access to Document

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