Regulation of synaptic plasticity by hippocampus synthesized estradiol

Anna M. Barron, Yasushi Hojo, Hideo Mukai, Shimpei Higo, Yuuki Ooishi, Yusuke Hatanaka, Mari Ogiue-Ikeda, Gen Murakami, Tetsuya Kimoto, Suguru Kawato*, Yasushi Hojo, Hideo Mukai, Tetsuya Kimoto, Suguru Kawato*, Yasushi Hojo, Hideo Mukai, Gen Murakami, Tetsuya Kimoto, Suguru Kawato*, Mari Ogiue-IkedaSuguru Kawato*, Suguru Kawato*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Estradiol is synthesized from cholesterol in hippocampal neurons of adult rats by cytochrome P450 and hydroxyste-roid dehydrogenase enzymes. These enzymes are expressed in the glutamatergic neurons of the hippocampus. Surprisingly., the concentration of estradiol and androgen in the hippocampus is significantly higher than that in circulation. Locally synthesized estradiol rapidly and potently modulates synaptic plasticity within the hippocampus. E2 rapidly potentiates long-term depression and induces spinogenesis through synaptic estrogen receptors and kinases. The rapid effects of estradiol are followed by slow genomic effects mediated by both estrogen receptors located at the synapse and nucleus., modulating long-term potentiation and promoting the formation of new functional synaptic contacts. Age-related changes in hippocampally derived estradiol synthesis and distribution of estrogen receptors may alter synaptic plasticity., and could potentially contribute to age-related cognitive decline. Understanding factors which regulate hippocampal estradiol synthesis could lead to the identification of alternatives to conventional hormone therapy to protect against age-related cognitive decline.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)361-375
Number of pages15
JournalHormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation
Volume7
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2011
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Molecular Biology
  • Endocrinology

Keywords

  • aging
  • estradiol
  • estrogen receptor
  • hippocampus
  • hormone therapy
  • long-term depression
  • long-term potentiation
  • neurosteroid
  • selective estrogen receptor modulator
  • spine
  • synaptic plasticity

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